Effectiveness of Durian Leaf (Durio zibethinus) Infusion as Natural Anesthesia of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46252/jsai-fpik-unipa.2020.Vol.4.No.1.100Keywords:
Ikan lele, daun durian, anestesi, infusum, glukosa darahAbstract
Artificial or natural anesthetic ingredients are needed in the transportation of live fish, because fish must be physiologically alive and healthy to their destination. Durian leaf is one of the natural ingredients that can be used as anesthetics in transport because it contains secondary metabolites such as saponins, tannins and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective concentration of durian leaf infusion as catfish anesthesia during transportation on induction and sedative time, blood glucose profile and survival rate. Fish with an average weight of 185,62 ± 9,06 g in 3 L of water with different concentrations of durian leaf anesthetics are used to determine the status of fish fainting. A complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments (5%, 15%, 25%, and 35% durian leaf infusion concentrations) and three replications were applied in this study. The results of this study indicated that the best concentration obtained was 35%, with an inductive time of 9 min.19 sec. and a sedative time of 1 min.42 sec. The survival rate of catfish in the best treatment was 88.89%, with a blood glucose level of 63.23 mg/dL.
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References
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Hasan, H., Eka I.R. dan Bobi H. (2015). Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Baringtonia asiatica) Dalam Proses Anestesi Pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Calon Induk Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Ruaya, 5 : 29-32.
Hastiadi, H., Eka, I. R., dan Bobi, H. (2015). Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Barringtonia asiatica) Dalam Proses Anestesi Pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Calon Induk Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Ruaya, 5 : 29-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29406/rya.v5i1.497
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Mgbenka, B.O., and Ejiofor, E.N. (2013). Effects of Extracts of Dried Leaves of Erythrophleum suaveolens as Anesthetics on Clariid Catfish. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 8(4) : 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v08n04_09
Munandar, A., Habibi, G. T., Haryati, S., dan Syamsunarno, M. B. (2017). Efektivitas infusum daun durian (Durio zibethinus) sebagai anestesi alami ikan bawal air tawar (Colossomama cropomum). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan, 1(6) : 1-8, DOI: 10.13170/depik.6.1.5926
Nur’aini, M. (2016). Anestesi Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) Dengan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle) Pada Simulasi Transportasi. Laporan Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 37 hal.
Öğretmen, F., and Gökçek, K. (2013). Comparative Efficacy of Three Anesthetic Agents on Juvenile African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13 : 51-56. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_07
Porchas, M. M., Cordova, L. R. M., Enriquez R. R. (2009). Cortisol and Glucose: Reliable Indicators of Fish Stress. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4(2) : 158-178. 10.14203/beritabiologi.v15i1.2861
Roohi, Z., Imanpoor, M. R. (2015). The Efficacy of The Oils Of Spearmint and Methyl Salicylate as New Anesthetics And Their Effect on Glucose Levels In Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758) Juveniles. Aquaculture, 437: 327-332. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.019
Saskia, Y., Esti, H., Tutik, K. (2013). Toksisitas dan Kemampuan Anestetik Minyak Cengkeh (Sygnium aromaticum) Terhadap Benih Ikan Pelangi Merah (Glossolepis incisus). Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan dan Sumberdaya Perairan, 2(1): 84-88.
Saputra A., Setianingsih, L., Yosmaniar., Prihadi, T.H. (2017). Distribusi Nitrogen Dan Fosfor Pada Budidaya Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) dan Probiotik. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 12: 379-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.12.4.2017.379-388
Saputra, F., Sukardi, E.S., Mahendra. (2017). Efektifitas Konsentrasi Ekstrak Rebung Bambu (Gigantochloa nigrociliata) Sebagai Anestesi Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Akuakultura, 1(1) : 9-18. https://doi.org/10.35308/ja.v1i1.476
Seeman, P. (1967). Transient Holes in The Erythrocyte Membrane During Hypotonic Hemolysis and Stable in The Membrane After Lysis by Saponin and Lysolechitin. The Journal of Cell Biology, 32 : 55 - 70. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.32.1.55
Septiarusli, E.I., Kiki, H., Yenny, M., Danar, D. (2012). Potensi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Dari Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Barringtonia asiatica) dalam Proses Anestesi Ikan Kerapu Macan (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 3(3) : 295-299.
Soedibya, P.H.T., dan Pramono, T.B. (2018). Budidaya Air Tawar. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman : Purwokerto. 70 hal.
Sukarsa, D. (2005). Penerapan Teknik Imotilisasi Menggunakan Ekstrak Alga Laut (Caulerpa sertularioides) dalam Transportasi Ikan Kerapu (Epinephelus Suillus) Hidup Tanpa Media Air. Buletin Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 3(1) : 12-24. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v8i1.1023
Sulmartiwi, L., Harweni, T., Mukti, A.T., Triastuti, J.R. (2013). Pengaruh Penggunaan Larutan Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio) Pasca Transportasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 5(1) : 73-76.
Suwandi, R., Nugraha, R., Zulfamy, K.E. (2013). Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Jambu (Psidium guajava var. Pomifera) Pada Proses Transportasi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 16(1) : 69-78.
Theinpoint, D. and Niemegeers, C.J.E. (1965). 7464- a new potenet anesthetics in fish. International Zoo. Year Book, 5: 202-205.
Teixeira, N.D.S., Marques, L.S., Rodrigues, R.B., Gusso, D., Fossati, A.A.N., Streit Jr., D.P. (2019). Effects Of
Anesthetic Tricaine On Stress And Reproductive Aspects Of South American Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) male. Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Temitope, J. (2014). Anaesthetic Potential of Tobacco (Nicotiana tobaccum) on Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fingerlings. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(5) : 86-90. DOI: 10.5539/jas.v6n5p86
Velisek, J., Lepic, P., Stara, A., Turek, J., Kozak, P. (2014). The Effects of Four Anaesthetics on Haematological and Blood Biochemical Profiles In Vimba Bream, Vimba Vimba. Veterinarni Medicina, 59(2) : 81–87.https://doi.org/10.17221/7317-VETMED
Zulfamy, K.E. (2013). Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji Daging Buah Merah (Psidium guajava Var. Pomifera) Pada Proses Transportasi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Skripsi, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. 38 hal.
Aprillia, B. (2017). Penggunaan Ekstrak Kasar Daun Pala (Myristica fragans houtt) Sebagai Anestesi Pada Simulasi Transportasi Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Skripsi. Bogor: Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Arief, M., Fitriani, N., dan Subekti, S. (2014). Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Berbeda pada Pakan Komersial Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias sp.). Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 6(1) : 49-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11381
Arlanda, R., Tarsim., UTomo, D.SC. (2018). Pengaruh Pembrian Ekstrak Tembakau (Nicotiana tobacum) sebagai Bahan Anestesi Terhadap Kondisi Hematologi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Sains Teknologi Akuakultur 2 (2) : 32-40.
Dobsikova, R., Svobodova, Z., Blahova, J., Modra, H., and Velisek, J. (2009). The Effect of Transport on Biochemical and Haetological Indices of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Journal of Animal Science. p. 510-518.
Effendi. (1978). Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantara, Yogyakarta
Fazril S., Sukardi, Eri S., dan Mahendra. 2017. Efektifitas Konsentrasi Ekstrak Rebung Bambu (Gigantochloa nigrociliata) Sebagai Anestesi Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Akuakultura, 1(1) : 9-18
Hanum K. (2014). Penggunaan Ekstrak umbi teki (Cyperus rotundus l.) sebagai bahan anestesi ikan bawal air tawar (Colossoma macropomum). [Skripsi]. Bogor: Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Hasan, H., Eka I.R. dan Bobi H. (2015). Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Baringtonia asiatica) Dalam Proses Anestesi Pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Calon Induk Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Ruaya, 5 : 29-32.
Hastiadi, H., Eka, I. R., dan Bobi, H. (2015). Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Barringtonia asiatica) Dalam Proses Anestesi Pada Transportasi Sistem Tertutup Calon Induk Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio). Jurnal Ruaya, 5 : 29-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29406/rya.v5i1.497
Kritzon, C. (2003). Fishing With Poison. The Bulletin of Primitive Technology. School of North America. America. 25 p.
Lepic, P., A. Stara., J. Turek., P. Kozak., J. Velisek. (2014). The Effects of Four Anaesthetics on Haematological and Blood Biochemical Profiles In Vimba Bream, Vimba Vimba. Veterinarni Medicina, 59(2) : 81-87.
Mgbenka, B.O., and Ejiofor, E.N. (2013). Effects of Extracts of Dried Leaves of Erythrophleum suaveolens as Anesthetics on Clariid Catfish. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 8(4) : 73-80. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v08n04_09
Munandar, A., Habibi, G. T., Haryati, S., dan Syamsunarno, M. B. (2017). Efektivitas infusum daun durian (Durio zibethinus) sebagai anestesi alami ikan bawal air tawar (Colossomama cropomum). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan, 1(6) : 1-8, DOI: 10.13170/depik.6.1.5926
Nur’aini, M. (2016). Anestesi Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio) Dengan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle) Pada Simulasi Transportasi. Laporan Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. 37 hal.
Öğretmen, F., and Gökçek, K. (2013). Comparative Efficacy of Three Anesthetic Agents on Juvenile African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13 : 51-56. DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v13_1_07
Porchas, M. M., Cordova, L. R. M., Enriquez R. R. (2009). Cortisol and Glucose: Reliable Indicators of Fish Stress. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences, 4(2) : 158-178. 10.14203/beritabiologi.v15i1.2861
Roohi, Z., Imanpoor, M. R. (2015). The Efficacy of The Oils Of Spearmint and Methyl Salicylate as New Anesthetics And Their Effect on Glucose Levels In Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L. 1758) Juveniles. Aquaculture, 437: 327-332. 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.12.019
Saskia, Y., Esti, H., Tutik, K. (2013). Toksisitas dan Kemampuan Anestetik Minyak Cengkeh (Sygnium aromaticum) Terhadap Benih Ikan Pelangi Merah (Glossolepis incisus). Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan dan Sumberdaya Perairan, 2(1): 84-88.
Saputra A., Setianingsih, L., Yosmaniar., Prihadi, T.H. (2017). Distribusi Nitrogen Dan Fosfor Pada Budidaya Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) dan Probiotik. Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 12: 379-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.12.4.2017.379-388
Saputra, F., Sukardi, E.S., Mahendra. (2017). Efektifitas Konsentrasi Ekstrak Rebung Bambu (Gigantochloa nigrociliata) Sebagai Anestesi Terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Akuakultura, 1(1) : 9-18. https://doi.org/10.35308/ja.v1i1.476
Seeman, P. (1967). Transient Holes in The Erythrocyte Membrane During Hypotonic Hemolysis and Stable in The Membrane After Lysis by Saponin and Lysolechitin. The Journal of Cell Biology, 32 : 55 - 70. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.32.1.55
Septiarusli, E.I., Kiki, H., Yenny, M., Danar, D. (2012). Potensi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Dari Ekstrak Biji Buah Keben (Barringtonia asiatica) dalam Proses Anestesi Ikan Kerapu Macan (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan, 3(3) : 295-299.
Soedibya, P.H.T., dan Pramono, T.B. (2018). Budidaya Air Tawar. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman : Purwokerto. 70 hal.
Sukarsa, D. (2005). Penerapan Teknik Imotilisasi Menggunakan Ekstrak Alga Laut (Caulerpa sertularioides) dalam Transportasi Ikan Kerapu (Epinephelus Suillus) Hidup Tanpa Media Air. Buletin Teknologi Hasil Perikanan, 3(1) : 12-24. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v8i1.1023
Sulmartiwi, L., Harweni, T., Mukti, A.T., Triastuti, J.R. (2013). Pengaruh Penggunaan Larutan Daun Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Ikan Koi (Cyprinus carpio) Pasca Transportasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 5(1) : 73-76.
Suwandi, R., Nugraha, R., Zulfamy, K.E. (2013). Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Jambu (Psidium guajava var. Pomifera) Pada Proses Transportasi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 16(1) : 69-78.
Theinpoint, D. and Niemegeers, C.J.E. (1965). 7464- a new potenet anesthetics in fish. International Zoo. Year Book, 5: 202-205.
Teixeira, N.D.S., Marques, L.S., Rodrigues, R.B., Gusso, D., Fossati, A.A.N., Streit Jr., D.P. (2019). Effects Of
Anesthetic Tricaine On Stress And Reproductive Aspects Of South American Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) male. Animal Science Research Program of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Temitope, J. (2014). Anaesthetic Potential of Tobacco (Nicotiana tobaccum) on Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fingerlings. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(5) : 86-90. DOI: 10.5539/jas.v6n5p86
Velisek, J., Lepic, P., Stara, A., Turek, J., Kozak, P. (2014). The Effects of Four Anaesthetics on Haematological and Blood Biochemical Profiles In Vimba Bream, Vimba Vimba. Veterinarni Medicina, 59(2) : 81–87.https://doi.org/10.17221/7317-VETMED
Zulfamy, K.E. (2013). Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Jambu Biji Daging Buah Merah (Psidium guajava Var. Pomifera) Pada Proses Transportasi Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Skripsi, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. 38 hal.
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Published
2020-05-30
How to Cite
Pramono, T. B., Yudhistira, C. B., & Sukardi, P. (2020). Effectiveness of Durian Leaf (Durio zibethinus) Infusion as Natural Anesthesia of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Jurnal Sumberdaya Akuatik Indopasifik, 4(1), 69–80. https://doi.org/10.46252/jsai-fpik-unipa.2020.Vol.4.No.1.100
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